Section I: Etiology an incidence. Inheritance and other possible causes of congenital deformities. New ideas on classification of congenital malformations. Incidence and genetics. Section II: Patient management procedures. Non-operative treatment of cangenital malformations of the upper estremities. Basic principles of the prosthetic needs of the unilateral congenital amputee. Psichological issuess for children and their parents. Angiography. Microsurgical procedures. Distraction treatment of the hand. Distraction treatment of the forearm. Section III: Deformities of the hand. Syndactyly. Syndactyly syndrome between the thump and index finger. Symbrachydactyly. Apert syndrome. Ring contriciton Syndrome. Macrodactyly cleft hand. Polydactyly: Terminology and classification . Thump duplication. Central polydactyly ulnar polydactyly. Mirror hand. Hyperphalandism of the fingers. Congenital contractures. The wind-Swept hand. Absent tendons. Bone and joint deformities. Oncchodysplasia. Section IV: Deformities of the thump. Hypoplasia of the thump. Reconstruction of the floating thump abductor digiti minimi opponens plasty. Pollicization and hypoplasia of the thump. Triphalangeal thump. Flexion deformities of the thump. Section V: The upper extremity. Radial club hand congenital absense of the ulna. Congenital elbow contractures. Congenital elbow dislocations. Congenital radioulnar synostosis. Arterio-venous malformations in the hand and upper limb. Epidermolysis bullosa. Treatment of arthrogryposis affecting the upper extremity. Hand and upper extremity anthology CD ROM